An important aspect of sports promotion is the activation of physical education of children of preschool and school institutions with the obligatory assessment of their functional capabilities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of young athletes’ trainings according to the indicators of the functional status of their body systems and the development of their physical qualities. 123 girls of different ages took part in the study. One group did either gymnastics from 1 to 3 years or swimming for 2 years in addition to their basic physical trainings in preschool or school. Another group of girls had their physical trainings in preschool or school only. The assessment of the impact of physical culture and additional sports activities was carried out by the indices of height and weight, cardiointervals and physical qualities.
The analysis has revealed:
- the harmonious physical development of almost all the girls (of preschool and school) who were involved in gymnastics trainings. The disharmonious development of girls who were and were not involved in sports, can be probably explained by the peculiarities of the training process, which does not correspond the age capabilities of the organism, or by the metabolic syndrome (in case of body weight excess), or by the level of activities which is below the threshold quantity (in the group of therapeutic gymnastics – 1 time per week for 60 minutes);
- the best physical state according to the physical qualities indicators in the groups of gymnastics trainings. In the “swimmers” group the weak point was the forming of strength qualities;
- the tachycardia of a significant number of all girls (the best results had the group of girls training in rhythmic gymnastics, the worst ones had the first-year schoolgirls). This can be probably explained by the school factors – adaptation to a new lifestyle, studying activities, and the gap between the physical activities and the functional capabilities of the child’s body.
The work is submitted to the International Scientific Conference “Fundamental and applied research in medicine”, France, Paris, October 14–21, 2014 came to the editorial office оn 15.09.2014.