In the capacity of matrix materials there were researched a whole number of synthetic polymers [Robert Lanza,1997], such are polydiaxonones, polylactides, polyglicilids [Spychkyna O.G.,2006; Shved U.A.,2006]; polyethers of bacteriological origin (polymer β-hydrohybutyric acid (polyoxibutyrate, POB), polymer of oxioctanoic acid and two-component copolymer of β-oxi-butyrate and β-oxivalerate (POB-со-POV) [Volova T.G.,2003]. But metabolization of these polymers leads to the formation of acids, which lower cell survival.
Use of natural polysaccharides (chitin and its derivative chitosan) in the capacity of biomatrices in cell technologies demonstrated its low effectiveness.
The most optimal base of cell biomatrix by the dates of many researchers is biopolymer - hyaluronic acid (HUA) [Brown T.J. et al.,1999; Burg KJL et al., 2000; Greco R.M. et al.,1998; Jia C. et al.,1998; Kuzuya M. et al.,2006; Livesey S. et al.,2004].
Hyaluronic acid, briefly (HUA) is long linear polysaccharide, which consists of repetitive disaccharide units N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic asid. HUA has unique rheological qualities that allow polymer to make viscoelastic gel while its low concentrations. These physicochemical qualities with the biological compatibility and not immune origin of molecule HUA create the basis for guarantying of cell adherence.
Nowadays in order to receive biomatrices at the base of hyaluronic acid there is used the method of chemical modification (cross-linking) - partial or full esterification of HUA by means of chemical reaction of carboxyl polymer group with the alcohol. According to this technology at the first stage stable ether compounds were received through cross-linking of hydroxyl groups. The second step draws synthesis of ether compounds, which were received by cross-linking through the carboxyl groups, into [Syaobyn Jao, Jane Freither, 2008].
But use of these technology requires special conditions of use of biomatrices and leads to their considerable rise in price.
We have the goal of development of biocompatible cell matrix at the base of polymer of hyaluronic acid with the use of method of holographic photopolymerization.
For prevail there is planning to develop the technology of forming of side cross-link between linear subunits of hyaluronic acid with the help of ultraviolet radiation with the length of wave 246 nanometers, which is received with the help of laser (deep ultraviolet). Such technology will allow to receive the matrix template with the minimal stepping interference 100 nanometers. It is supposed that biomatrix received by this way will have optimal bioengineering qualities for the cell adherence, migration and mitotic activity.
This work was represented at the international scientific conference "Innovativa technologies", Thailand (Pattaya), the 21-28 of February 2010.