Placing beekeeping in agricultural areas draws a special interest in terms of developing main directions beekeeping advancement. Therefore, a comparative analysis of the impact of area differences upon the development of beekeeping has been carried out in terms of agricultural organizations and households according to the data of Bashkortostan republic.
Typological grouping was taken at the first stage, and it has shown us the impact of area differences upon the efficiency of beekeeping production in agricultural organizations.
According to the grouping data, it has been established that only 48 of 54 districts of the republic are involved into beekeeping. About 36% of bee-families of agricultural organizations are concentrated in by-Ural plain, 32% - in the Northern forest-steppe, 20,8% - in Southern forest-steppe, and 6,6% - in North-eastern steppe. Gross production of honey to zones correlates directly with the number of bee-families, and the output of honey per bee-family shows us an opposite dependence. Thus, the highest honey output per bee-family was achieved in mountain-forest area, the second place goes to agricultural organizations of trans-Ural steppe.
The second stage was devoted to studying area conditions upon the efficiency of honey production.
The lowest production costs were registered in agricultural organizations of Mountain-forest area, and high - in agricultural organizations of North-east forest-steppe. In area terms production costs first of all depends on bee-families productivity.
Prices for honey in area terms testify for the market legislations. In Northern forest-steppe area with a high market share of honey low prices and a good profitability level was registered. An opposite dependence is typical for agricultural organizations of Mountain-forest area.
In order to study an impact of area differences upon the output of honey for households, a typological grouping was taken in terms of areas of Bashkortostan republic.
Northern forest-steppe area (1) of RB includes 14 districts, 80710 bee-families (5760 per a district). Honey production per area equaled only 3611 t, including 257,9 t per a district, and 44,7 kgs per bee-family.
North-east forest-steppe area (II) includes 5 districts. The number of bee-families equals 18466, including 3693 per a district. Gross honey production equals 850, 170 t per a district, 46 t per bee-family.
Southern forest-steppe area (III) includes 11 districts. The number of bee-families in this area is only 40634, 3694 per district. Gross production of honey for forest-steppe area equals 1647 t, 149,7 t per a district, 40,5 kgs per bee-family.
A maximum number of districts was registered in by-Ural plain (1U) - 17. The number of bee-families per this area equaled 55967, 3292 per a district. Honey production per all by-Ural plain area equaled a total of 2348, 138,1 t per a district, 41,9 kgs per bee-family.
Agricultural area of trans-Ural steppe (U) includes 4 districts. The number of bee-families here equals 5285, 1321 per a district. Honey production equaled totally 194, 48,5 t per a district, 36,7 t per bee-family.
Mountain-forest agricultural area (U1) of RB includes only 3 districts. Here the number of bee-families equaled 5660, 1887 per a district. Honey production equaled a total of 220, 73,3 t per a district, 38,9 t per bee-family.
Totally RB includes an average of 54 districts, 206728 bee-families, a district of the republic includes an average of 3828 bee-families. Honey production of the whole republic equals 8870 t, 164,3 t per a district, 42,9 t per bee-family.
The comparative analysis of area differences upon the output of honey in houseolds and agricultural enterprises allows us to conclude:
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The main production of honey is concentrated in areas I-IV.
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Area differences impact an output of honey less for households, and more - for agricultural organizations.
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According to honey output per bee-family in terms of households and agricultural organizations opposite legislations were revealed. Thus, agricultural organizations of Mountain-forest area and trans-Ural steppe reached the highest level of honey output per bee-family, while households of these areas showed the lowest indexes, and, quite opposite, agricultural organizations of North-east forest-steppe showed the lowest indexes of honey output, and households - the highest indexes of productivity.
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The received data testify for large resources to broaden honey production in agricultural organizations of all areas of the republic, especially - trans-Ural steppe and Mountain-forest area.
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Agricultural organizations possess significant reserves to increase bees´ efficiency with organization - economic factors, both in area terms and compared to households.
The work was submitted to International Scientific Conference «Issues and experience in Bologna agreements», Montenegro (Budva), 8-15, September, 2012, came to the editorial office on 29.06.2012.