The priority is the establishment of meat processing industry resource saving technologies of safe meat products of new generation with high nutritional and biological value for the different social and age groups, the relevant requirements of the Federal Law «On the Quality and food safety».
Important steps in addressing the problem of obtaining safe products of assured quality is the development, exploration and development of systems of integral control of food commodities and food products using highly effective methods of analysis. At the stage of development and introduction of GMOs are products with enhanced nutritional value, have a long shelf life, improved organoleptic, lack of allergens and other properties. Considering the use of genetic engineering in the production of meat products as very promising direction should take into account the potential for inadvertent or deliberate creation of products from GMOs may have negative effects on the human body in an uncontrolled genetic engineering. This causes the need for multilevel control of meat products with genetically-modified analogues, including the State Sanitary and industrial control with mandatory implementation of laboratory research.
In addition, based on international practice for the control of products for compliance with scientifically based formulations and determination of the commodity composition of finished meat products for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents are often marked to comply with these requirements. However, not always and not in full can be detected in the finished meat products various not meat components, such as soy additives, starch, carrageenan, gums. Chemical methods do not provide adequate information, time-consuming and often expensive. At the same time, market conditions dictate the trend to use rapid methods for the study, among which should be allocated GOST R 52723 - 2007 «Products for food and animal feed. Rapid method of determining the commodity composition of food products by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)». The method has high sensitivity and specificity, the lack of contamination of PCR product (analysis is in a closed test tube, there is no stage of electrophoresis), significant savings of laboratory space and a shorter duration of analysis. Specificity is defined nucleotide sequence of primers, which excludes the possibility of obtaining false results. The peculiarity of this method is the determination of PCR products directly in the course of the reaction.
In connection with the foregoing, on the basis of an accredited Innovation Research Center, Orel State Agrarian University (accreditation certificate number ROSS.RU.0001.21PTS26) conducted monitoring studies of meat products for the maintenance of GMOs and carried out the identification of raw meat. The objects of investigation were more than 50 samples of meat products manufactured according to GOST and sold in the markets of the Oryol region.
Quantitative analysis of presence / absence of recombinant DNA viewer 35S in the test samples is shown that the species-specific gene found in quantities no greater than established by the Resolution of the Chief Sanitary Doctor of Russia № 42 from 25.06.2007, the Analysis of mitochondrial DNA genome of ruminant animals and the mitochondrial genome of pigs and poultry in the test material by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in the form EPh - with electrophoretic detection of amplification products in agarose gel showed that in the first test sample contained tissue of chickens and pigs, whereas on the packaging as the ingredients are declared pork and beef, while the second sample - the tissues of ruminant animals, chickens and pigs were found.
Thus, the study found evidence of fraud, when in meat products contain ingredients that are both prescription components are not declared in the relevant documents. This applies equally to both domestic and imported products, and requires strengthening Gossanepidnadzor for products, including those containing GMOs and its labeling.
The work was submitted to international scientific conference «Innovation technologies», Thailand, February 20-28, 2010. Came to the editorial office on 19.01.2010.