The present work is devoted to oxidation (by the air and the nitric acid) of combustible slates of the «Kendyrlyk» deposit which are notable for big ash content (up to 75%). Theenriched slate with organic mass (SOM)on the order of 53-55% was usedfor oxidation.
The characteristic of theflotation concentrate: humidity - 0,7%; on a dry concentrate,%: ashes - 47,3; volatile matters- 45,3; general sulphur- 1,0; carbon - 42,8; hydrogen - 6,5.
The oxidation was spent in the three-necked round-bottomed flask with the1 litercapacity supplied with the reverse refrigerator, thermometer and a mixer on interchangeable ground glass joints. In the beginning 60% nitric acid wasinfused (on the basis of kerogenoxidation to amber acid), and then a concentrate entered by portions at continuous interfusion of suspension by a mixer then electroheatinghas on and temperature of a reactionary mix was lead up to 90 °С. Duration of experience was from 6 till 8 hour. Experiences were spent as with preliminary extraction of high-molecular matters of acidic character from organic mass of slate by boiling with 10% solution of alkali during 3-4 hours, and without it. At small time of oxidation insoluble acids were formedwhich were situated on the surface of theacidic solution in the form of the resinysubstance which were exposed to the further oxidation.
96,3% ofSOM are oxidizedat processing of the enriched slate by nitric acid during 8 hour. 85,7% of high-molecular acids (soluble in water alkali), about 1,9% of a benzene extract, 12,4% of a etheric extract and 24,1% of an n-butyl alcoholextract are formedat that. The exit of volatile acids in all experiences makes less than 1% that point at soft conditions of process, i. e. on deep destruction of organic matter of slates.
The oxidation of Kendyrlyk slate by air oxygen was spent in a column of bubbling type. In the end of experience unoxidizedslate and a mineral part has separated from soluble products of oxidation by the filtration, washed out by water, dried up and their exithas defined. Soluble products of oxidation (salt of organic acids and surplus of alkali) were neutralized by hydrochloric acid
to рН = 2.
Filtered, lade-down in a bottom «high-molecular acids» has dried and their exit hasdefined. Volatileacids with water steam hasdistilledfrom a filtrate, and the remainder has extracted byethylacetate. An exit of oxidation products (on oxidizedSOM) is following (%): High-molecular acids - 48,2; Volatileacids - 7,8; Nonvolatile acids (an ethylacetateextract) - 34,5.
The volatileacids from a water solution wasextracted by the sulfuric ether. The extract was dried, and the ether was distilled. The driven out acids were dispersed on rectifying column under atmospheric pressure. Almost80% of acetic acid has been received as a result of rectification. The others 20% fall on propionic, isobutyric, isovalerianicand enanthicacids.
Insuch a manner it is shown that at SOM of Kendyrlyksky slate oxidation by nitric acid and air oxygen high-molecular, middle-molecularand low-molecular acidsare formed. Volatileacids basically consists of acetic acid. The exit of oxidation products depends on reaction conditions.
The work was submitted to International Scientific Conference «New technologies, innovation, invention», Turkey, (Antalia), 16-23, August 2012, came to the editorial office оn 07.08.2012.
Библиографическая ссылка
Kairbekov Z.K., Yemelyanova V.S., Shakieva T.V., Myltykbaeva Z.K. THE «KENDERLYK» DEPOSITSLATE OXIDATION BY THE NITRIC ACID AND THE AIR OXYGEN // European Journal of Natural History. – 2012. – № 5. – С. 22-23;URL: https://world-science.ru/ru/article/view?id=30956 (дата обращения: 22.11.2024).