The activity change of sincytiotrophoblast nuclei apoptosis, which is under the control of apoptosis regulators sAPO-1 and Bcl-2 and proinflammatory cytokine TNFα, is a leading pathogenetic phenomenon at a herpetic lesion. A poor quantity of research on the given problem has defined the purpose of the presented work, which consisted in the sincytiotrophoblast nuclei apoptosis intensity and behavior appraisal depending on the herpetic infection aggressiveness and functional activity of the systems regulating the apoptosis.
20 mature placentas taken during the term birth process from practically healthy mothers - the control group, 30 - from the women with a severe form of the disease (HSV-1 antibody titer - 1:12800) and 20 - from the women with an average severity form of the disease (HSV-1 antibody titer - 1:6400) served as the test material for the study. To get the placental extract (villous chorion) the placental tissue washed from blood cells in the PBS solution was homogenized. The supernatant fluid was aliquoted and stored at -20 0С before the EIA was carried out. To detect the sAPO-1, Bcl-2 and TNFα expression the "Bender Med Systems" (Austria) firm´s sets were used. The HSV-1 verification and the disease intensity were estimated on the IgG antibody titers´ dynamics in the peripheral blood with the help of standard test-systems of the "Vector-Best" firm (Novosibirsk). The morphologic detection of apoptosis was performed on paraffin sections of the uterine cake owing to the DNA fragments´ end marks according to the ISEL-method. The statistical data processing was performed by means of the computer program "Computer-aided periodic health examination" using the t-criterion of Student.
The carried out system analysis testified that in cases of severe form herpetic infection in the period of gestation a statistically authentic growth of the sAPO-1 indexes in placental extracts up to 1174,77±17,34 pg/ml (in the control - 514,8±8,05 pg/ml; р<0,001) was registered. At the disease average severity the sAPO-1 level didn´t exceed the values of 963,3±12,72 pg/ml (р<0,001). A simultaneous determination of the TNFα in placental extracts depending on the herpetic infection aggressiveness in the period of gestation illustrated a unidirectional growth of average indexes of the cytokine up to 91,33±0,55 pg/ml (р<0,001) and 72,32±0,71 pg/ml (р<0,001), accordingly, at the severe and average severity form of the disease (in the control - 21,63±0,38 pg/ml). Meanwhile, the Bcl-2 values in placental extracts at the herpetic lesion were of the multidirectional character. The severe course of the disease in the period of gestation was attended by the Bcl-2 level decrease up to 28,16±0,60 ng/ml (р<0,001), whereas at the average intensity of the disease the protein indexes increased up to 46,87±0,86 ng/ml (in the control - 8,73±0,32 ng/ml; р<0,001). Together with that the sincytiotrophoblast nuclei apoptosis intensity was evaluated. The antigenic load increase associated with 4,0±0,06% of apoptosis nuclei, and an average level of antibodies conformed to 2,5±0,04% (in the control - 1±0,07%; p<0,001). The represented data allow concluding that the formation of resistance to the Fas-dependent apoptosis mediated by the Fas/FasL system is indicative of the sincytiotrophoblast in conditions of a herpetic lesion. Moreover, the sАРО-1 hyperexpression had no affect on the apoptosis occurrence. Maybe, the TNFα expression increase at the simultaneous weakening of the Bcl-2 protective action has become one of the probable causes of the sincytiotrophoblast nuclei apoptosis induction at the herpetic infection.
The work was submitted to international scientific conference «Present-day problems of experimental and clinical medicine», Thailand - Cambodia, February 18-28, 2009. Came to the editorial office on 16.01.2009.